Descriptive Text 5
Kompetensi Dasar
3.4 Membandingkan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan
beberapa
teks deskriptif lisan dan tulis dengan memberi dan meminta
informasi terkait dengan deskripsi orang, binatang, dan benda,
sangat
pendek dan
sederhana, sesuai dengan konteks penggunaannya
4.4.1 Menangkap makna secara kontekstual terkait fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks deskriptif lisan dan
tulis, sangat pendek dan sederhana, terkait orang, binatang, dan benda
4.4.2 Menyusun teks
deskriptif lisan dan tulis, sangat pendek dan sederhana,
terkait orang, binatang, dan benda, dengan memperhatikan
fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan, secara benar dan sesuai
konteks
Tujuan Pembelajaran
Diberi penjelasan dan uraian tentang:
1) pengertian dan struktur tulisan teks deskriptif
2) ciri/ sifat hewan (dan juga tumbuhan serta
benda tersebut), pada akhir pembelajaran diharapkan siswa bisa menggambarkan
ciri/ sifat hewan tersebut.
1. Mengidentifikasi
pengertian dan struktur tulisan teks deskriptif (pertemuan 4)
2.
Mengidentifikasi Verb 1 dalam Teks Deskriptif
(Pertemuan 5)
3. Mengidentifikasi
ciri-ciri/ sifat dari
sejumlah hewan
4. Mengidentifikasi kata sifat (adjectives) dan kata benda (nouns) terkait ciri-ciri sejumlah hewan
Pengantar:
Pada pertemuan sebelumnya kita telah mempelajari struktur bacaan descriptive text. Sekarang kita focus belajar Verb 1 yang banyak digunakan dalam descriptive text. Materi ini (descriptive text) bisa juga dipelajari dari buku LKSmu Unit 7 hal. 31-41.
Seringkali dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar (KBM)
siswa tidak bisa menjawab saat ditanya, yang mana Verb 1 (apalagi semua Verb)
dalam suatu kalimat/ teks? Keadaan ini menjelaskan bisa jadi karena kurangnya
siswa memahami apa itu verb 1, serta tidak tahu seperti apa ciri-ciri verb 1
dalam kalimat/ teks.
Untuk hal tersebut, tujuan pembelajaran ini
adalah untuk mengenalkan ciri-ciri Verb, utamanya Verb 1 dalam descriptive text.
Pemahaman tentang Verb 1 ini penting diberikan mengingat seringnya Verb ini
muncul dalam teks deskriptif. Untuk mendalami Verb 1 lebih banyak, klik link
berikut: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNlW1npuRi4.
Marilah kita pahami Verb 1 dengan membaca
penjelasan berikut.
Verb
1
Verb terbagi 2 kelompok:
Regular Verb (Kata Kerja Beraturan)
& IrRegular Verb (Kata Kerja Tak
Beraturan). Verb 1 = Verb yang belum mendapat imbuhan (mis: help, bukan helped, atau helping). Verb 1 bisa juga disebut Kata Kerja asal. Beberapa contoh Verb 1 Regular adalah: help,
laugh, miss.
Regular Verb
Kalimat dalam table berikut berstruktur S(ubjek) +
V(erb) 1 + O(bjek). Dalam kalimat Simpel Present Tense, verb-nya senantiasa
verb 1. Namun, tambahan –s atau –es tergantung siapa pelakunya alias subjek/
pronoun-nya. Berarti, kalian harus hafal subjek/ pronoun apa saja yang harus
ditambah –s/ -es, karena ada pula yang tetap atau tidak ditambah –s/ -es.
Dalam contoh di bawah semua kalimatnya berjenis (+).
Adapun jenis (-) atau (?) akan dibahas suatu saat nanti.
LATIHAN: yang mana yang benar menurutmu verb 1 di bawah
ini jika didahului pelaku alias subject/ pronoun berikut? Pelajari dengan
seksama.
Coret Verb 1 yang
salah (dalam memorimu) pada table berikut. Lihat dua contoh yang dicoret
di bawah. Verb 1 yang tidak dicoret berarti yang benar. Lihat subjek yang
digunakan. Silakan dilanjutkan.
|
Subject/ Pronoun |
Verb 1*) |
Object |
Keterangan
|
|
|
Asal |
Prubahan |
|||
|
I |
help |
|
a
friend |
-
Dalam kalimat Simple Present Tense, Adverb (kata keterangan)-nya terletak setelah
Subjek.
Adverb/ Kata keterangan dlm bhs. Inggris -
always
= selalu -
often = sering -
usually
= biasanya -
sometimes
= kadang-kadang -
seldom
= jarang -
never = tidak pernah
Misal: -
You often laugh at the joke (kamu sering menertawai lelucon
itu) -
He usually gives money to the orphan every Friday morning. -
My uncle never gets up late. |
|
You |
laugh |
laughs |
at the
joke |
|
|
They |
miss |
misses |
the
bus |
|
|
We |
fix |
fixes |
the
computer |
|
|
He |
|
touches |
the
magazine |
|
|
She |
stay |
stays |
at
home |
|
|
It |
try |
tries |
the
food |
|
|
I |
lie |
lies |
to a
worker |
|
|
You |
own |
owns |
a cat |
|
|
They |
sign |
signs |
the
receipt |
|
|
We |
want |
wants |
a
break |
|
|
He |
need |
needs |
a
laptop |
|
|
She |
add |
adds |
an
example |
|
|
The
computer |
translate |
translates |
the
paper |
|
|
Susan |
taste |
tastes |
the
soup |
|
|
Susan
& I |
play |
plays |
basket
ball |
|
|
Susan
& you |
drop |
drops |
soda
milk |
|
|
Susan
& he |
water |
waters |
the
garden |
|
|
Susan
& they |
walk |
walks |
on a
bridge |
|
|
Susan
& cat |
push |
pushes |
the
door |
|
Bagaimana, bisa?
IrRegular Verb
IrRegular Verb (IrVerb 1) berikut dikenalkan sebagian
saja. Untuk lebih lengkapnya, silakan pelajari lebih lanjut dari kamus atau
applikasi elektronik, misalnya: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.gedev.irregular
.
Setidaknya, kalian harus mengenal sebagian Irregular
verbs di bawah ini.
|
Common Used Irregular
Verbs (Katakerja Tak Beraturan yang Sering Digunakan)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selanjutnya, coretlah (dalam memorimu) Verb 1 yang
salah di bawah ini. Lihat dua contoh di bawah. Verb 1 yang tidak dicoret
berarti yang benar. Silakan dilanjutkan. Bagaimana? Pasti bisa.
|
Subject |
Verb 1*) |
Object |
Keterangan
|
|
|
Asal |
Prubahan |
|||
|
I You We They He/
She |
eat |
eats |
breakfast |
Sama
halnya dengan yang Regular Verb, Adverb berikut diletakkan setelah
Subjek:
Misal: -
He usually drinks coffee (Ia biasanya minum kopi) -
We always come on time (kami biasanya datang tepat waktu) |
|
see |
|
a
comedy |
||
|
write |
writes |
an
essay |
||
|
sleep |
sleeps |
well |
||
|
has |
has |
a
problem |
||
|
You |
become |
becomes |
smart |
|
|
He |
drink |
drinks |
the
coffee |
|
|
We |
feel |
feels |
proud |
|
|
She |
|
comes |
home |
|
|
They |
forget |
forgets |
everything |
|
|
I |
am |
are |
a
student |
Dalam
kalimat, Adverb
diletakkan setelah To be 1: Misal: -
They are seldom at home (Mereka jarang ada di rumah) |
|
He |
is |
am |
a
soldier |
|
|
They |
are |
is |
at
home |
|
|
We |
are |
is |
the
best |
|
|
You |
are |
am |
a
professor |
|
Sekarang kita belajar
mengidentifikasi verb 1 dalam teks. Berikut ini dicontohkan verb 1 yang
terdapat dalam teks (distabilo). Silakan disimak (dalam memorimu/ dihapalkan).
1. I
usually wake up
early in the morning.
2. I always
have a shower but I
don’t like singing
3. Then I have a pray
4. After I
get dressed, I monitor
social media from handphone.
5. I go to school by public
transport, Kowi, and I meet
all my mates there.
6. During
the morning I have
several classes and I learn
a lot.
7. My
favorite subject is
English, of course.
8. After
few classes I have
lunch at home.
9. In order
to have the afternoon off I do
my homework as quick as I can.
10. Wifi
connection is
always in my activities.
11. After
having a pray, I meet
my friends and we play
in the yard
12. We
always have a great
time.
13. After
having a snack, I usually watch TV for a while.
14. I like cartoon and standup
comedy.
15. I have dinner with all
family, my father, my mother, my two brothers and me.
Mengapa demikian? Bisakah kalian simpulkan, dimanakah letak verb 1
dalam teks?
Jika identifikasi verb 1 di
atas sudah banyak benarnya dengan yang kalian pikirkan (artinya kalian sudah
mengerti), berarti kalian sudah boleh dibilang sampai pada tujuan pembelajaran:
yaitu mengenal ciri Verb 1 dalam kalimat Simple Present Tense. Oh, ya…
tambahan: kalimat jenis Simple Present Tense banyak digunakan dalam Descriptive, Procedure & report text; Sekarang berlatihlah
menemukan Verb 1 dalam descriptive teks berikut. Yang manakah verb 1 dalam teks
berikut?
Tentang
pengertian descriptive text, silakan baca materi sebelumnya (descriptive text
4). Dalam materi sebelumnya dijelaskan bahwa descriptive text adalah salah satu jenis
text dalam Bahasa Inggris yang menggambarkan dengan jelas sifat-sifat
yang melekat pada suatu objek, baik itu manusia, hewan, tumbuhan, suatu tempat
maupun benda mati yang bersifat TERTENTU, tidak bersifat UMUM. Dalam teks jenis
ini banyak digunakan Verb 1.
Mari kita lihat
dalam dua contoh teks deskriptif berikut, betapa banyak penggunaan Verb 1 (stabilo
biru) dalam descriptive text.
Contoh Teks Deskriptif 1
|
My Golden fish I have beautiful fish. It is a golden fish. He has
golden-yellow color. His head and belly are round and big. I put it on my aquarium. I love him when he's swimming. He's really cute. It is really relaxing when
seeing him swimming. |
|
Ikan Mas saya Ketika aku pergi ke karnaval, aku membeli ikan emas yang indah. Dia memiliki warna kuning keemasan.
Kepala dan perutnya bulat dan besar. Aku menaruhnya di akuariumku. Aku menyukainya saat dia berenang. Dia sangat
imut. Benar-benar nyantai ketika melihatnya berenang. |
Contoh Teks Deskriptif
2
ElephantElephants are the largest land animal in the world.
They are from Asia
and Africa. They are
herbivores. They eat
grass, leaves, branches and fruit. An elephant has a big body with four legs. It has large but thin ears and
small eyes. It also has
one long nose called trunk. It uses the trunk to lift the food. Its skin is grey and hairless. It has a short tail. Their habitat is usually in the forest or
in the zoo. The elephants are
strong animals. They can carry
heavy loads. |
|
Gajah dikenal sebagai hewan darat
terbesar di dunia. Mereka berasal dari Asia & Afrika. Mereka adalah hewan
pemakan tumbuh-tumbuhan seperti rumput, daun, cabang serta buah,
sehingga mereka disebut herbivora. Seekor gajah memiliki tubuh besar
dengan empat kaki serta ekor pendek. Ia memiliki telinga lebar tapi tipis dan
mata kecil. Ia juga memiliki hidung panjang disebut belalai, yang digunakan
untuk mengambil makanan. Kulitnya berwarna abu-abu serta
berbulu sedikit. Tempat hidupnya di hutan atau kebun binatang. Dengan tubuh
besar, tak heran gajah adalah hewan yang kuat sehingga dapat membawa beban
berat. |
Nah, setelah kalian lihat seperti apa banyaknya digunakan Verb 1
dalam teks ini, sekarang temukan Verb 1 dalam dua teks deskriptif berikut.
Contoh Teks Deskriptif 3
|
Jellyfish Jellyfish are
animals of the phylum Cnidaria. They are a monophyletic class, the Medusozoa.
Most of them live in the oceans, in salt water, where they eat small sea
animals like plankton and little fish, and float in the sea. Only a few
jellyfish live in fresh water. They have soft
bodies and long, stinging, venomous tentacles that they use to catch their
prey, usually small plankton animals or small crustaceans or tiny fish. Some
jellyfish hunt other jellyfish. Venom is injected by stinging cells called
nematocysts. A jellyfish is 97% water. Most jellyfish have a
bell-shaped body and long tentacles at the underside of the body. Tentacles
are long “arms” with special stinging cells called nematocysts. They move by
contracting their bodies, but they do not have much control over where they
go: most of the time, they drift with the water current. The largest type of
jellyfish is the Lion’s mane jellyfish, which has tentacles that can be as
long as 60 meters, but most jellyfish are much smaller. |
|
Ubur ubur Ubur-ubur adalah hewan dari filum
Cnidaria. Mereka adalah kelas monofiletik, Medusozoa. Kebanyakan dari mereka hidup di lautan, di air
asin, di mana mereka memakan hewan laut kecil seperti plankton dan ikan
kecil, dan mengapung di laut. Hanya sedikit ubur-ubur yang hidup di air
tawar. Mereka memiliki tubuh yang lembut dan
panjang, menyengat, tentakel berbisa yang mereka gunakan untuk menangkap
mangsanya, biasanya hewan plankton kecil atau krustasea kecil atau ikan
kecil. Beberapa ubur-ubur berburu ubur-ubur lainnya. Venom disuntikkan dengan
sel penyengat yang disebut nematocysts. Ubur-ubur adalah 97% air. Kebanyakan ubur-ubur memiliki tubuh
berbentuk lonceng dan tentakel panjang di bagian bawah tubuhnya. Tentakel
adalah "lengan" panjang dengan sel penyengat khusus yang disebut
nematocyst. Mereka bergerak dengan menggerakkan tubuh mereka, tetapi mereka tidak
memiliki banyak kendali atas ke mana mereka pergi: sebagian besar waktu,
mereka hanyut mengikuti arus air. Jenis ubur-ubur terbesar adalah ubur-ubur
surai singa, yang memiliki tentakel sepanjang 60 meter, tetapi kebanyakan
ubur-ubur jauh lebih kecil. |
Contoh Teks Deskriptif
4
|
Owls Owls are birds of prey. There are
200 species, and they are all birds of prey. Most of them are solitary and
nocturnal; in fact, they are the only large group of birds which hunt at
night. Owls are specialists at night-time hunting. They feed on small mammals
such as rodents, insects, and other birds, and a few species like to eat fish
as well. Owls are found in all parts of
the world except Antarctica, most of Greenland, and some other small islands. Owls have large eyes and holes
for ears, a hawk-like beak, and a rather flat face. Most birds of prey have
eyes on the sides of their heads, but the owl’s eyes are facing forwards to
help it see better in the dark. Their eyes are also fixed inside their
sockets, so they have to turn their whole head to look at other things. Owls
can rotate their heads and necks up to 270 degrees in both directions. Owls are good at looking at
things far from its eyes, but it cannot see anything clearly within a few
centimeters of their eyes. Owls use small feathers on the beak and the feet
that help it feel the prey it catches. Owls hunt at night and sometimes at dawn and dusk. Owl can fly silently to surprise its prey. Owls have fantastic hearing. The shape of the head helps slight sounds reach the ears. The feathers of the facial disc are arranged in order to increase sound delivered to the ears. Their ears are asymmetrical allowing the owl to locate a sound. They can hear a mouse move in the grass. |
A. Choose the right answer
1. Jellyfish are animals of the phylum
Cnidaria (p. 1 baris 1)
2. Most of them live in the oceans (p. 2
baris 2)
3.
Only a few jellyfish live in fresh water (p. 1 baris 3-4)
4.
They have soft bodies and long, stinging, venomous tentacles (p. 2 baris 1)
5.
Most
jellyfish have a bell-shaped body (p. 3 baris 1)
6.
Tentacles are long “arms” with special stinging cells (p. 3 baris 2)
7.
They move by contracting their bodies (p. 3 baris 2-3)
8.
… but they do not have much control over (p. 3 baris 3)
9.
The largest type of jellyfish is the Lion’s mane jellyfish (p. 3 baris 4-5)
10.
… most jellyfish are much smaller (p. 3 baris 6)
11.
There are 200 species, and they are all birds of prey (p. 1 baris 1)
12.
… they are the only large group of birds which hunt at night (p. 1 baris 2 – 3)
13.
They feed on small mammals such as
rodents, insects, and other birds (p. 1 baris 3 – 4)
14.
Owls are found in all parts of the world (p. 2 baris 1)
15.
Owls have large eyes and holes for ears (p. 3 baris 1)
16.
Most birds of prey have eyes on the sides of their heads (p. 3 baris 2)
17.
Their eyes are also fixed inside their sockets (p. 3 baris 3 – 4)
18.
so they have to turn their whole head to look at other things (p. 3 baris 4)
19.
Owls can rotate their heads and necks up to 270 degrees in both directions (p.
3 baris 4- 5)
20.
Owls use small feathers on the beak (p. 4 baris 2)
